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Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United public of Tanzania, was formed as a sovereign state in 1964 through the union of the theretofore separate states of Tanganyika and Zanzibar. The politics of Tanzania takes place in a framework of a unitary presidential democratic. The current president is John Magufuli, who is in office since 2015. On October 24, 2020, John Magufuli won a second term, with a landslide victory of more than 84% of the vote. In March 2021, it was announced that Magufuli had died whilst serving in office, meaning that his vice president, Samia Suluhu Hassan, became the country's president. (1)

Politics

Official languages

The official languages are English and Swahili.

Population

By 2024, the total population of Tanzania was 65.23 million. (2)

Figure VIII    Tanzania: Total population (3)

Tanzania total population.png

Figure IX:  Percentage of Population in Urban and Rural Areas in Rwanda (4)

Ethnic group

99% of population in Tanzania is mainland - African (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), the other ethnic group accounts for 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar - Arab, African, mixed Arab and African).(5)

Figure X:  Population Distribution by Ethnic Group in Tanzania

Religions 

It is estimated that approximately 63% of the population is Christian, 34% Muslim, and 3% other religious groups. (6)

Figure XI:  Population Distribution by Religion in Tanzania

Health

Economy

In 2024, Tanzania’s economic growth averaged 6.1%, The GDP reached 85.97 billion USD and the per capital was 1320 USD in 2024. (9)

There were 4.45 million malaria cases reported in 2021, which came to 6.8% of the total population (7). While, the prevalence rate of HIV/AIDS was 4.5% (8).

Education

The government-supported education system has three levels: primary (seven years), secondary (four to six years), and university, as well as vocational training schools. During the mid-1970s, universal primary education was made mandatory. By 2015, the literacy rate came to 82% (10). 

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